Thermal energy storage (TES) offers a sustainable and efficient way to store energy in the form of heat or cold. By capturing and storing thermal energy, TES systems can be used to manage heating and cooling demands, support renewable energy systems, and improve energy efficiency in industrial processes.
One of the most common TES applications is in concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. These plants use mirrors to focus sunlight onto a receiver, which heats a fluid like molten salt. The molten salt stores the heat and can release it to generate electricity even after sunset, solving the intermittency challenge of solar power.
TES is also widely used in urban heating and cooling systems. District heating networks can store heat during off-peak hours and distribute it during peak demand, reducing strain on the grid and lowering energy costs. Similarly, chilled water storage systems can provide cooling for buildings during the day by storing cold water or ice at night.
The benefits of TES extend beyond renewable energy integration. By reducing energy waste and improving efficiency, these systems contribute to lower greenhouse gas emissions and a more sustainable energy landscape.
With continued investment and technological innovation, thermal energy storage is poised to play a critical role in achieving a more resilient and low-carbon energy future.